Hematology involves the study, diagnosis, and treatment of blood-related disorders, including anemia, leukemia, clotting issues, and immune system dysfunctions.
Histopathology examines tissue samples under a microscope to detect abnormalities, enabling accurate diagnosis of cancers, infections, and inflammatory conditions.
Clinical pathology analyzes bodily fluids—such as blood, urine, and saliva—to diagnose diseases, monitor treatments, and assess overall health status.
Cytopathology focuses on individual cell examination to detect cancers, precancerous changes, infections, and other cellular abnormalities through minimal, non-invasive sampling.